Security at the Application Layer: Email architecture, PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), S/MIME. Security at the Transport Layer (SSL and TLS): SSL architecture, Four protocols, SSL
message formats, Transport Layer Security, Secure Electronic Transaction. Security at the Network Layer (IPSec) : Two modes, Two Security protocols, Security Association, Security Policy, Internet Key Exchange, ISAKMP. Intruder: Intruder, Intrusion Detection, Password Management. Malicious Software : Viruses and Related Threats, Virus Countermeasures, Distributed Denail of Service Attack. Firewall : Firewall Design Principles, Trusted systems, Common Criteria for Information Technology Security Evaluation. Authentication : KerberosV4 and V5, X.509 Authentication Service, Public Key Infrastructure. Physical Layer Security:Shannon’s perfect secrecy, Secure Communication over Noisy Channel, Channel Coding for Secrecy, Secret Key Agreement from noisy observation, Active attacks, Physical Layer Security and Classical Cryptography. William Stallings, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Third Edition.